ALCOHAL

Intake of alcohol intake are the most important risk factors involved in the development of alcoholic liver disease. The roles of beverage type, i.e. wine, beer, or spirits, and pattern of drinking are less clear. Progress of the hepatic injury beyond the fatty liver stage seems to require additional risk factors that remain incompletely defined. Women are more susceptible to alcoholic liver injury when compared to men. They develop advanced liver disease with substantially less alcohol intake. Hispanic men have a much higher age-adjusted death rate in the United States from alcoholic cirrhosis than do non-Hispanic whites and blacks. In general, the time it takes to develop liver disease is directly related to the amount of alcohol consumed. It is useful in estimating alcohol consumption to understand that one beer, four ounces of wine, or one ounce of 80% spirits all contain ~12 g of alcohol. The threshold for developing alcoholic liver disease in men is an intake of >60–80 g/d of alcohol for 10 years, while women are at increased risk for developing similar degrees of liver injury by consuming 20–40 g/d. Ingestion of 160 g/d is associated with 25–fold increased risk of developing alcoholic cirrhosis. Gender-dependent differences result from poorly understood effects of estrogen and the metabolism of alcohol. Social, immunologic, and heritable factors have all been postulated to play a part in the development of the pathogenic process.

The values >60gm/day for alcohol liver disease and >160 gm/day for cirrhosis imp..
The gms r calculated as
%of alcohol content multiplied by ml of alcohol..eg if a persön half a bottle(350ml) cönsumes whisky(42.8%) for 10 years ...means near to 160 gm/day and he is prone to cirrhosis(42.8*350)